I wanted to write about what I feel the next generation of Apple Remote Desktop should look like, in a world where one is as likely to be administering iOS devices as Mac OS X computers.

What I want is a Mac OS X app - let's call it ARD 4 - that will let me both observe the screen of an iPad but also perform several administration functions of a similar nature to the kinds of things that ARD 3 can do for Mac OS X clients.

In case you're not familiar with ARD 3, here are some tasks I regularly do with it:

• Observing remote screens
• Using the list view to see who's logged on and where
• Using the list view to check that all machines are running the latest OS update.
• Performing a software inventory on remote machines.
• Firing off parallel command line operations on all machines (e.g. invoking softwareupdate(8) across the cluster).
• Logging out users who have left themselves logged in
• Installing package files
• Copying files to or from users' desktops.

Now, of course, not every operation maps directly to something you could do to an iPad but here are some operations I'd like:

Find That iPad

Where's that iPad? Even though we're not using 3G iPads, it would be useful to at least know which iPads are in school and which are elsewhere - even if the 'elsewhere' can't be known.

Push a Notification

The ability to push a notification to selected iPads would be awesome.

Install an App

Our syncing infrastructure is working well but I'd like to be able to push an app out to devices.

Observe the screen

It's oftentimes necessary to look at remote screens. To be able to see what's going on with someone's iPad would be invaluable, particularly if it could be combined with a two-way audio session. Also, the ability to save a snapshot of the screen to the admin computer.

Run 'Update All' on a device

We are syncing devices regularly but can only do two or three devices in the morning guidance class (15 minutes). It would be really great to be able to fire off an App Store "Update All" on a bunch of iPads over lunchtime.

Software Report

Because we're not able to sync all devices at one time, we sometimes run into the problem of everyone having a different set of apps, at least until everyone's synced their iPad. To be able to gather data about which devices have which apps would be very useful.

Install and Remove Configuration Profiles

There are various techniques for doing this, but Apple doesn't provide an easy solution of their own. If I could push new and updated configuration profiles to devices without user intervention, that would be very useful.

Battery Diagnostics

If you've ever taken an iPhone to an Apple Store, you might have seen that they have some really sophisticated battery diagnostics tools available at the genius bar. They can see the average time between recharges, how long charges are lasting and the number of cycles on each battery. To have those tools to hand would be great.

The deployment continues to go well. No failures and no hiccups so far. I wish we could sync devices faster in the mornings - we're only able to sync about two iPads in each 15-minute morning assembly, so it's taking a while to roll out applications to the entire school.

You might be interested to listen to an interview I did with Chuck Joiner for his MacVoices podcast. It runs about an hour and covers a large chunk of the project but also wanders off into some broader discussions:

• MacVoices #10101: Fraser Speirs Discusses A Real-World Deployment of iPads in the Classroom

I'm not done with this story yet but now that there's actual teaching to be done too things are going to be a bit slower.

I'd love to tell you a story of techno-heroism in which I saved the day from certain disaster, because that would make a great story. Instead, like all the best flights, today was calm to the point of almost a wee bit dull.

Had a few classes today: a double period with S4 and another double period with S5. I took them through a quick tour of the iPad, including:

• The text selection and Cut/Copy/Paste UI, spelling and keyboard autocorrect.
• The main features of Pages and Keynote.
• Saving PDFs in iBooks and reading them.
• Sending and receiving documents via email.

Then we all read the Acceptable Use Policy together and in detail.

It was quite interesting. The kids were obvously excited to be getting iPads but not to the point of stupidity. I was pretty pleased with the way they fitted into the way the school works.

I got the impression that the kids were almost relieved to be working with iOS. I have no doubt that, for a lot of them, it's already the OS they interact with most often.

One amusing anecdote: we installed a drawing app - I forget which one but it might have been Doodle Buddy - that allows kids to collaborate on drawings over the network. The kids were fiddling around with this app when there was a knock on the door. "Errm....Mr Speirs? Are your children doing something to my class's iPads?"

Turns out some kids had been joining shared whiteboards on iPads in the other classroom. Hilarity ensued, of course.

Jailbreak

I mentioned the other day that I was lacking a document camera to present the iPad UI. This morning, feeling under a little pressure, I performed a jailbreak on my demo iPad and installed the DisplayOut extension.

I'm not really a fan of jailbreaking. I prefer to be running well-tested and fully supported configurations but DisplayOut was a bit of a necessity.

Apple people: rdar://problem/8342631

Generally, once the jailbreak was done, DisplayOut worked pretty well. It doesn't show on the screen where the touches are happening, though, which would be a nice feature as and when Apple come to support this.

Anyway, we're done. The school is open, the iPads are working and everyone is happy. Me, I'm completely enervated. Launching a program like this is not trivial and I assert my right to feel just a little accomplished and take the rest of the evening off.

We are planning to allow pupils from Primary 6 upwards (age 10-11) to take the iPads home, subject to a signed agreement from home.

From the school's point of view, take-home has several advantages.

At a practical level, because the iPad has such great battery life, we can send the chargers home and simply ask that the kids bring the iPad to school with enough charge to get through the day.

Another problem we've always had is that setting any kind of practical homework that involves using the computer is an open door for "Sorry, sir, my computer was broken". Now, in some cases, that's actually true. It's remarkable, though, how frequently the slackers' computers break compared to the computers owned by the hard-working kids.

An iPad take-home program lets us deliver a standard hardware and software configuration to pupils' homes as well as to their school desks.

I had originally planned to start the take-home program around October, after there had been a bit of a probation period with the whole iPad system. We quickly realised, though, that most teachers were planning to deliver so much work - and, in particular, homework - digitally that to wait would only mean that we would have to figure out interim methods of delivering what we had planned to do until the iPads were allowed to go home.

So beginning, I think, on Tuesday, we'll be sending home some documentation and forms for signature. I can guarantee that the return rate on these forms will be unprecedented in the history of education.

From a sysadmin point of view, there's a lot more we can't control when a device goes home. This worries me a bit.

In particular, my number one concern is that a pupil will plug their iPad into a home computer and, accidentally or otherwise, blow their entire configuration away.

At some level, you have to trust that people will use your stuff properly. The true BOFH, however, backs all that up with policy.

Earlier this year, I completely rewrote our Acceptable Use Policy and developed an 'iPad Owner's Guide" that explains in some detail the kinds of things you are and are not allowed to do. I'll try and share some or all of it on this blog later if I can.

Other Things

Over the weekend we discovered that syncing iPads to user accounts that are mounted from a server over WiFi is a Very Bad Idea. I've moved all the sync computers that I can onto our gigabit ethernet network. The words "night" and "day" come to mind. WiFi is great but you can't beat some GigE.

I really want-slash-need a document camera of some kind to use when teaching about iPad applications. It's a shame that the iPad VGA adapter can't just mirror the entire screen on a secondary display. I'm hoping to be able to figure something out with an old video camera and a tripod but haven't succeeded so far.

We're also looking for a good iPad attendance marking app but, it appears, there are none.

I'll leave you with this photo that I took over the weekend. To see where we're going with this, just imagine this scene with the iPads replaced by laptops or netbooks.

One of the common snarks against this project goes like this:

Um, I think Speirs has been fooled by teh new shiny toy. A netbook can do everything an iPad can and more for half the price. Speirs is clearly ignorant of the latest developments.

The answer of course is that I, like my friend John Gruber, am secretly in the pay of Apple.

...sorry, I'm a little punchy tonight. Overtired.

One of the things that we all care about is helping children to engage with reading. We hope to make a lot of use of electronic books - particularly in English where the classic texts are available free or very cheaply. This is one area where an iPad trounces a netbook.

From a deployment point of view, iBooks is a bit more complex than deploying apps. Let me explain.

Deploying the iBooks application itself is no more difficult than any other application. Additionally, iTunes Home Sharing is also "book aware" - new books will be synced across the shares just as apps are.

The question is: how do you get an iBooks ePub file into your master iTunes library when you can't buy and download an iBook directly in iTunes on Mac OS X?

Think about it: you cannot browse or buy an iBook from a Mac OS X machine. You need an iPad to acquire an iBook file. What are you gonna do? On top of that, remember that there are three iTunes accounts in play here so, if I want to distribute an iBook to the entire school, I need to buy it under three accounts.

For apps, I'm running three user accounts on my Mac mini, logging in as each and clicking "Buy" in iTunes. For iBooks - not so simple.

Solution The First: one "purchasing iPad" per account

The simplest solution is to have one iPad for each account that is used to purchase iBooks. This iPad then needs to be synced to some iTunes account that will be Home Share'ed from in order to get the file out to other users.

This will work for our Primary school, where each library looks at all the others. I can just ask one of the teachers to buy the book on someone's iPad, sync it, and the file will make its way into all the other libraries.

For secondary, it's not so simple. I will need one iPad that I use to buy iBooks on. I'll then sync it to my master computer. That will put the file into the master library and then everyone else will get it. The big downside is that you need a dedicated iPad just to do this. In fact, you need two dedicated iPads - one for each account.

Solution The Second: one iPad, re-authorised for different accounts

Turns out that this solution simply doesn't work or, rather, doesn't work simply. The iBooks store is a wee bit smarter than the App Store. If a book is installed in the library on that device, the "BUY NOW" button becomes a disabled "DOWNLOADED" button, so you can't get it again.

What you need to do here is:

• Authorise the iPad for iTunes account A
• Download the book
• Sync to account A on the computer.
• Sync the iPad to account B on the computer, breaking the link with account A
• Delete the book from the device's library (to enable the Download button)
• Download the book again
• Sync it back to account B
• Sync the iPad to account C, breaking the link with B
• Delete the book from the device's library (to enable the Download button)
• Download the book again
• Sync it back to account C

Cripes! It's not easy or fun but at least there are no new rules for DRM on books. They behave the same way as apps.

Of course, if you follow me on Twitter, you'll know that I've been critical of the selection in iBooks and, more particularly, the price. I cannot, at the moment, see us spending a lot of money in the iBooks store.

I've also been asked to look into Kindle books. Haven't had time yet but that's on the horizon too.

We set a budget of £100 for the primary department and £200 for secondary. That's essentially £100 each, though, because remember that we're using two iTunes accounts to cover all the secondary classes.

The allocation of students to computers (and, thus, to App Store accounts) in the secondary department is done by guidance group. Those groups are:

• A: All of S1.
• B: All of S2.
• C: S3 boys.
• D: S4 girls, some S3 girls.
• E: S5 girls, remaining S3 girls.
• F: S4 and S5 boys.

For various reasons, groups ABC and F are using one iTunes account, D and E are on the other account. On reflection, it might have been smarter to have groups A and B (the "junior secondary") on one account and the rest on another.

As it is, I plan to buy any app requested by a secondary teacher for both accounts so that they can be sure that any pupil they teach will have that app. Dividing the junior and senior secondary might have saved cluttering with additional apps they didn't need but I rather doubt it would have been a big saving on extra licenses. It would probably have led to more confusion too.

So, back to the question of how to pay for it. We don't have a school credit card, since most of our business is done through educational suppliers that offer us lines of credit. I set up the three iTunes accounts by downloading free apps and making accounts that had no method of payment associated with them.

Instead, what I did was to purchase a few big iTunes gift cards and credit the accounts manually. This works for several reasons but it's particularly good that it's one single large out-of-pocket expense that can be quickly reimbursed in full instead of dozens of 59p transactions. The other big benefit is that nobody's personal credit card is exposed to all these devices.

Finally, of course, it has the nice effect of showing everybody how big the pot of money is. When it's gone, it's gone.

It turns out, though, that it's a little harder to acquire £300 of iTunes gift cards than I expected - particularly if you want them electronically.

The in-iTunes gift system only lets you send a maximum of £30 on an emailed or printed gift card. I've also had problems where I've sent several iTunes gifts and then been unable to send any more for some time.

The largest plastic iTunes gift card you can buy in the UK is £50 but I've never seen them in the supermarkets (I think you can get them at the Apple Store; you can get them mailed from the Apple Web Store). The £15 and £25 denominations are easily available.

So I visited Tesco and bought 12 £25 cards and typed in all the codes. I got some strange looks at the checkout, dropping £300 on iTunes cards.

It's curious to me, as I go through this, to see how all the bits of this iTunes/iPad/iPhone ecosystem are so focused on consumer-scale purchasing and management. That's not a complaint at all - it's the obviously important end of the market - but it's just interesting how quickly I've outgrown so many parts of the system.

fraser - at - (this domain)

I rather wish I hadn't been forced to disable comments due to spam, as the feedback was really interesting and encouraging.

A few journalists have been in touch recently too and I'm always happy to talk with folks about what I do. Here are some links to coverage so far:

• Chris Foresman, Ars Technica: New school program for iOS apps doesn't address all IT needs
• Giles Turnbull, Cult of Mac: Documenting The iPad Project: iPads For All At One Scottish School

Colophon: we used a Brother P-Touch 1000, 6mm black-on-white tape for the chargers and cables and 12mm white-on-black tape for the iPad case.

I'm not at all convinced that the Apple iPad case provides a good key for most stickers. I've tried several stickers on my own iPad and few have survived the rough and tumble of handling, far less the idle fingernails of distracted children. This is a suck it and see experiment. If it fails, we'll probably re-label but next time stick them right on the iPad's glass bezel.

What you really want in a classroom situation is a way to identify the owner of an iPad without having to pick up every one of 18 identical iPads and without having to turn them on.

It's not possible right now, but I'd like to be able to force the iPad to show the device name on the lock screen. All our devices are named after their owners and being able to wake the iPad and read the owner's name without unlocking the device (maybe not possible since they're passcoded) would be a good fallback in case the stickers are lost. Apple people: rdar://problem/8318328

I mentioned this a couple of times on Twitter and got a bazillion replies suggesting I set custom lock screen images for each child. Bit of a non-starter for two reasons:

1. The amount of effort required to make a custom lock screen image, distribute it to each pupil, sync it and then set the lock screen image is prohibitive (especially x115).
2. You can't force the lock screen to a particular image and I can guarantee you that the first order of business for most kids will be to set a custom wallpaper and lock screen. Kids love personalising their computer experience and my custom school-logo lock screen would last precisely five minutes.

Requests for apps have started trickling in from the teachers. I'll collate them all into another post once I've been through the list. What's really exciting to me is the amount of great software that I can put on these devices for free. I continue to have some sustainability concerns about app pricing at these levels but schools do love free stuff.

Turns out that this is possible with a little Terminal magic:

defaults write com.apple.soundpref VolumeLimit -float [value = 0.0 - 1.0]

The last time I tried this, I recall that a reboot might have been required. That might not be true in the very latest point releases of Snow Leopard.

I didn't know this existed until I filed a bug requesting it.

Put simply: this is perfect ... for universities.

Here's how it works:

1. The institution buys a "volume voucher" on a purchase order.
2. Apple mails the vouchers to the school.
3. A "program facilitator" at the school decides which apps and how many.
4. The "facilitator" then gets a number of coupon codes - a bit like promo codes.
5. The coupons are distributed to students, who then redeem the coupons in their own iTunes accounts for a 'free' copy of the app.

It sounds like a great system for any organisation that wants to distribute copies of a third party app to a certain clientele.

In a university situation, I imagine that the students own their iPad and manage it with their own iTunes Account. The App Store VPP seems like a great way for the university to give the students access to specific apps.

There are a few problems for schools:

1. Pupils don't own the iPad, we do.
2. If pupils manage their iPad through their own account, they're presumably syncing it at home and we can't then offer any backup facilities in school.
3. When a pupil leaves, they take their iTunes account with them and we have to re-buy the app for the next pupil to use that iPad.
4. The majority of pupils are under 13 years old and can't have their own personal iTunes account.
5. A reasonable proportion of the school are not capable of managing their own iPad appropriately - most because they're too young but, sadly, some because they're too irresponsible.

What I'm looking for in school is a way for the school to own a certain number of licenses and to deploy them to iPads rather than to individuals.

A few readers were unhappy that our current setup results in us paying for three copies of an app, which then gets distributed to 115 iPad users. I share those concerns and would be delighted to deploy a more appropriate number of licenses if we had flexible enough DRM tools to let us do what we need to do.